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SSH is a type of secure protocol used as a means of connecting remotely to Linux servers. After the connection, the commands typed in the local terminal are sent to the remote server and executed there. The credential provides a text-based interface, generating a remote command and connection to achieve the user’s goals.
An SSH key is a quick reference, an access credential or when someone needs to figure out how to configure their server in different ways and get connected. Their function is similar to the assignment of usernames and passwords, but these keys are useful in automated processes and for implementing single sign-on by power users and system administrators.
Would you like to know how an SSH key is generated and what to do to configure it? Follow this content!
Understand what the SSH key is and what it is for
Secure Shell (SSH) keys are authentication credentials used to manage operating systems, networks, and settings. They are within the file transfer and configuration management tools. The data centers of large corporations use these resources to enable automation, which is capable of making cloud services more modern and cost-effective.
Other computer-dependent solutions also rely on SSH keys, which provide greater security and convenience when properly managed. They grant access and control who can access what in a computerized system, with the help of policies and the management of identity, user accounts and access. Without this solution, it is not possible to have data integrity and confidentiality.
Technically, SSH are cryptographic keys that use a public key system to be able to identify users. Therefore, they are authentication credentials and need to be managed to determine who is authorized to access environments and are similar to the locks that private keys can perform.
Find out what the elements of the SSH key are
The SSH private identity keys that a client uses to log in and authenticate to a server are similar to the physical keys that can open locks. Together, authorized and identifying keys oppose host keys.
See below for more details that make up Secure Shell keys!
device keys
Host keys authenticate servers and computers in order to prevent known man-in-the-middle attacks. This authentication is certificate-based and can be a very attractive option for large organizations.
The solution enables all connections to be secured and device authentication keys to be conveniently rotated and managed.
host keys
One of the unique features of SSH key is that, by default, the tool remembers the host key when connecting for the first time. This is an important differential that allowed the solution to be implemented locally, since there was no centralized infrastructure for hosts in 1995.
Memorized host keys are recognized and stored in a file called known_hostsOpenSSH. If they are not changed, the approach is very easy to use and provides reasonably good security. Ease of deployment was one of the main reasons the SSH key became successful.
session keys
A session key can be used to encrypt most data during a connection. SSH is negotiated during access and then used with a message authentication key algorithm and a symmetric encryption algorithm to protect data.
Check out how an SSH key is generated and how to configure it
It is easy to perform default configuration based on SSH key. These are normally configured in an author_keys.ssh file in the subdirectory of the user’s home directory. See other tips:
- create a key using ssh-keygene;
- install it as an authorized key on a server using the ssh-copy-id tool;
- use passwords for all identity keys used for interactive and automated access;
- store keys in ssh-agent for single sign-on;
- use the program called ssh-agent to keep decrypted private keys in memory and authenticate logins;
- see the ssh-agent documentation to configure it;
- enable agent forwarding;
- set in AllowAgentForwarding/ etc/ssh/sshd_config on the server and client configuration file /etc/ssh/ssh_config .yesForwardAgentyes.
The location of the identity key is in the user’s .ssh directory. The identity key file name starts with id_. You will be able to specify any location and any file name and provide the path name when creating a private key, for example ssh -i /home/ylo/secure/my-key ec2-user@awshost.domain.myusaria.
Learn about the main commands that help you configure SSH
To connect to a remote machine, you need to have the IP address and load the terminal. Type ssh followed by the IP address, for example ssh 193.169.57.102 or the name like ssh test.server.com. Check below some commands for connecting to the host!
ssh-add
Use ssh-add when you need to tell SSH which key you intend to use for authentication. This command adds private key identities from your ssh directory to the authenticator agent ssh-agent. This way you won’t have to type passwords in the terminal.
SCP
SCP stands for Secure Copy Protocol, which is a command-line utility used by users to securely copy directories and files in two locations, typically between Linux and Unix systems.
SFTP
SFTP is the acronym for the terms SSH File Transfer Protocol, which transfers files between remote systems securely. If you want to create a user on your system that will only be used for file transfer, you need to create the specific directory to provide access to the directory.
ssh-vault
SSH Vault allows users to securely connect to different machines and environments to perform a number of different operations. The use of the SSH key can be difficult to manage between corporate teams and businesses, but the solution is safe to automate access.
Understand the advantages of SSH keys over passwords
SSH are secure keys used to manage settings, networks, operating systems and private data. They are one of the best security systems.
Note the main advantages of these solutions:
- ease of setup on your system;
- easy and quick access revocation as per the requirements;
- accessibility across multiple systems without sharing passwords;
- simplified permissions management.
Do you understand how to configure the SSH key? This tool is essential for systems not to be accessible to malicious users and prevents unauthorized persons from gaining access to computers. Private keys can be encrypted with a password in interactive logins for non-automated tasks.
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